Latest posts
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HSRP v1 vs v2, Preempt and Tracking Explained, HSRP Vs VRRP – (Cisco Interview Guide)
Introduction In enterprise networks, default gateway redundancy is critical to ensure uninterrupted connectivity. If the gateway fails, users lose access to external networks. Cisco provides HSRP (Hot Standby Router Protocol) to eliminate this single point of failure by enabling multiple routers to act as a single virtual gateway. This blog covers: HSRP fundamentals HSRP v1…
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Breaking Down the NX-OS Image Filename
Breaking Down the NX-OS Image Filename Let’s take a closer look at a sample image filename: nxos64-cs.10.5.1.F.bin Here’s what each part means: nxos64-cs: Indicates a 64-bit NX-OS image for specific platforms (e.g., Nexus 9000-EX, -FX, -GX, -GX2). 10: Major release version. 5: Minor release version. 1: Maintenance release. F: Release designation. bin: Binary file extension.…
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Top 15 Cisco Data Center Interview Questions with Answers (Spine-Leaf, SAN, HCI)
Introduction This guide covers important Cisco Data Center interview questions with clear explanations. These questions are commonly asked in CCNA, CCNP Data Center interviews and real-world networking roles. Q1 – Which two devices would you choose to be a part of the core layer in the three-tier network design? (Choose two.) Cisco Nexus 9500 Series…
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Cisco Security questions
The role with the highest privilege in the system and is designed for users who need complete control over system configurations, indexes, and data. Admin Designed for advanced users who need more capabilities than regular users but do not require full administrative access. Power Allows for both administrative work and data management. Select Match…
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CESA, NVM Questions
Question 1 – As your company’s employees work both on and off-premises, you plan to collect flow context from the endpoints to gain visibility into user behaviors. Since you have already deployed Cisco Secure Client, you plan to add NVM and ingest the related events into Splunk for advanced security analytics. Which Splunk app/add-on…
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MD5 to SHA/AES Migration
1. Why Replace MD5? – MD5 is vulnerable to collision attacks, allowing attackers to generate the same hash with different inputs. – It is not resistant to brute-force attacks with modern compute power. – Officially deprecated by IETF (RFC 6151). Impact in Cisco Protocols: – BGP/OSPF/HSRP: Forged packets could establish false adjacencies, hijack sessions, or…
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Top Data Center Networking Interview Questions for CCNA & CCNP (Cisco Nexus Guide)
How Rogue Endpoint Detection Works in Cisco ACI Cisco ACI continuously monitors endpoint behavior and identifies abnormal movement patterns. Key Actions Performed: Detects endpoints moving frequently across leaf switches Marks the endpoint as rogue Converts the endpoint entry into a static entry Deletes the endpoint after a configured timeout Generates faults and alerts for visibility…
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Cisco ACI Mis-Cabling Protocol (MCP) – Loop Detection Simplified
Cisco ACI uses Mis-Cabling Protocol (MCP) to detect and mitigate Layer 2 loops, replacing traditional STP participation. MCP sends special Layer 2 packets across access ports, VPCs, and virtual ports. If the fabric receives its own MCP packet, it identifies a loop and can either log the event or error-disable the port. ✅ Key Highlights: Global MCP policies are disabled by default; port-level policies are…
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Cisco ACI, Storm Control : Drop and Shutdown
In Cisco ACI, Storm Control is a feature used to mitigate traffic storms caused by excessive broadcast, multicast, or unknown unicast traffic. It can be configured with two types of actions: Drop and Shutdown. ⚙️ Storm Control Actions in Cisco ACI 1. Drop (Default Action) When traffic exceeds the configured threshold (either in packets per second or percentage of bandwidth), the excess traffic…
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Cisco ACI Port Security – MAC Limit, Protect Mode & APIC Configuration Guide
Cisco ACI Port Security – MAC Limit, Protect Mode & APIC Configuration Guide Cisco ACI Port Security is a critical feature for securing access layer ports in your ACI fabric. It controls the number of MAC addresses that can be learned on an interface, protecting against MAC flooding attacks and unauthorized device access. In…